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dist/ba_data/python-site-packages/flask/cli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,994 @@
+import ast
+import inspect
+import os
+import platform
+import re
+import sys
+import traceback
+import warnings
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from operator import attrgetter
+from threading import Lock
+from threading import Thread
+
+import click
+from werkzeug.utils import import_string
+
+from .globals import current_app
+from .helpers import get_debug_flag
+from .helpers import get_env
+from .helpers import get_load_dotenv
+
+try:
+    import dotenv
+except ImportError:
+    dotenv = None
+
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    ssl = None  # type: ignore
+
+
+class NoAppException(click.UsageError):
+    """Raised if an application cannot be found or loaded."""
+
+
+def find_best_app(script_info, module):
+    """Given a module instance this tries to find the best possible
+    application in the module or raises an exception.
+    """
+    from . import Flask
+
+    # Search for the most common names first.
+    for attr_name in ("app", "application"):
+        app = getattr(module, attr_name, None)
+
+        if isinstance(app, Flask):
+            return app
+
+    # Otherwise find the only object that is a Flask instance.
+    matches = [v for v in module.__dict__.values() if isinstance(v, Flask)]
+
+    if len(matches) == 1:
+        return matches[0]
+    elif len(matches) > 1:
+        raise NoAppException(
+            "Detected multiple Flask applications in module"
+            f" {module.__name__!r}. Use 'FLASK_APP={module.__name__}:name'"
+            f" to specify the correct one."
+        )
+
+    # Search for app factory functions.
+    for attr_name in ("create_app", "make_app"):
+        app_factory = getattr(module, attr_name, None)
+
+        if inspect.isfunction(app_factory):
+            try:
+                app = call_factory(script_info, app_factory)
+
+                if isinstance(app, Flask):
+                    return app
+            except TypeError:
+                if not _called_with_wrong_args(app_factory):
+                    raise
+                raise NoAppException(
+                    f"Detected factory {attr_name!r} in module {module.__name__!r},"
+                    " but could not call it without arguments. Use"
+                    f" \"FLASK_APP='{module.__name__}:{attr_name}(args)'\""
+                    " to specify arguments."
+                )
+
+    raise NoAppException(
+        "Failed to find Flask application or factory in module"
+        f" {module.__name__!r}. Use 'FLASK_APP={module.__name__}:name'"
+        " to specify one."
+    )
+
+
+def call_factory(script_info, app_factory, args=None, kwargs=None):
+    """Takes an app factory, a ``script_info` object and  optionally a tuple
+    of arguments. Checks for the existence of a script_info argument and calls
+    the app_factory depending on that and the arguments provided.
+    """
+    sig = inspect.signature(app_factory)
+    args = [] if args is None else args
+    kwargs = {} if kwargs is None else kwargs
+
+    if "script_info" in sig.parameters:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'script_info' argument is deprecated and will not be"
+            " passed to the app factory function in Flask 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        kwargs["script_info"] = script_info
+
+    if (
+        not args
+        and len(sig.parameters) == 1
+        and next(iter(sig.parameters.values())).default is inspect.Parameter.empty
+    ):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Script info is deprecated and will not be passed as the"
+            " single argument to the app factory function in Flask"
+            " 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        args.append(script_info)
+
+    return app_factory(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _called_with_wrong_args(f):
+    """Check whether calling a function raised a ``TypeError`` because
+    the call failed or because something in the factory raised the
+    error.
+
+    :param f: The function that was called.
+    :return: ``True`` if the call failed.
+    """
+    tb = sys.exc_info()[2]
+
+    try:
+        while tb is not None:
+            if tb.tb_frame.f_code is f.__code__:
+                # In the function, it was called successfully.
+                return False
+
+            tb = tb.tb_next
+
+        # Didn't reach the function.
+        return True
+    finally:
+        # Delete tb to break a circular reference.
+        # https://docs.python.org/2/library/sys.html#sys.exc_info
+        del tb
+
+
+def find_app_by_string(script_info, module, app_name):
+    """Check if the given string is a variable name or a function. Call
+    a function to get the app instance, or return the variable directly.
+    """
+    from . import Flask
+
+    # Parse app_name as a single expression to determine if it's a valid
+    # attribute name or function call.
+    try:
+        expr = ast.parse(app_name.strip(), mode="eval").body
+    except SyntaxError:
+        raise NoAppException(
+            f"Failed to parse {app_name!r} as an attribute name or function call."
+        )
+
+    if isinstance(expr, ast.Name):
+        name = expr.id
+        args = kwargs = None
+    elif isinstance(expr, ast.Call):
+        # Ensure the function name is an attribute name only.
+        if not isinstance(expr.func, ast.Name):
+            raise NoAppException(
+                f"Function reference must be a simple name: {app_name!r}."
+            )
+
+        name = expr.func.id
+
+        # Parse the positional and keyword arguments as literals.
+        try:
+            args = [ast.literal_eval(arg) for arg in expr.args]
+            kwargs = {kw.arg: ast.literal_eval(kw.value) for kw in expr.keywords}
+        except ValueError:
+            # literal_eval gives cryptic error messages, show a generic
+            # message with the full expression instead.
+            raise NoAppException(
+                f"Failed to parse arguments as literal values: {app_name!r}."
+            )
+    else:
+        raise NoAppException(
+            f"Failed to parse {app_name!r} as an attribute name or function call."
+        )
+
+    try:
+        attr = getattr(module, name)
+    except AttributeError:
+        raise NoAppException(
+            f"Failed to find attribute {name!r} in {module.__name__!r}."
+        )
+
+    # If the attribute is a function, call it with any args and kwargs
+    # to get the real application.
+    if inspect.isfunction(attr):
+        try:
+            app = call_factory(script_info, attr, args, kwargs)
+        except TypeError:
+            if not _called_with_wrong_args(attr):
+                raise
+
+            raise NoAppException(
+                f"The factory {app_name!r} in module"
+                f" {module.__name__!r} could not be called with the"
+                " specified arguments."
+            )
+    else:
+        app = attr
+
+    if isinstance(app, Flask):
+        return app
+
+    raise NoAppException(
+        "A valid Flask application was not obtained from"
+        f" '{module.__name__}:{app_name}'."
+    )
+
+
+def prepare_import(path):
+    """Given a filename this will try to calculate the python path, add it
+    to the search path and return the actual module name that is expected.
+    """
+    path = os.path.realpath(path)
+
+    fname, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
+    if ext == ".py":
+        path = fname
+
+    if os.path.basename(path) == "__init__":
+        path = os.path.dirname(path)
+
+    module_name = []
+
+    # move up until outside package structure (no __init__.py)
+    while True:
+        path, name = os.path.split(path)
+        module_name.append(name)
+
+        if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, "__init__.py")):
+            break
+
+    if sys.path[0] != path:
+        sys.path.insert(0, path)
+
+    return ".".join(module_name[::-1])
+
+
+def locate_app(script_info, module_name, app_name, raise_if_not_found=True):
+    __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+
+    try:
+        __import__(module_name)
+    except ImportError:
+        # Reraise the ImportError if it occurred within the imported module.
+        # Determine this by checking whether the trace has a depth > 1.
+        if sys.exc_info()[2].tb_next:
+            raise NoAppException(
+                f"While importing {module_name!r}, an ImportError was"
+                f" raised:\n\n{traceback.format_exc()}"
+            )
+        elif raise_if_not_found:
+            raise NoAppException(f"Could not import {module_name!r}.")
+        else:
+            return
+
+    module = sys.modules[module_name]
+
+    if app_name is None:
+        return find_best_app(script_info, module)
+    else:
+        return find_app_by_string(script_info, module, app_name)
+
+
+def get_version(ctx, param, value):
+    if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
+        return
+
+    import werkzeug
+    from . import __version__
+
+    click.echo(
+        f"Python {platform.python_version()}\n"
+        f"Flask {__version__}\n"
+        f"Werkzeug {werkzeug.__version__}",
+        color=ctx.color,
+    )
+    ctx.exit()
+
+
+version_option = click.Option(
+    ["--version"],
+    help="Show the flask version",
+    expose_value=False,
+    callback=get_version,
+    is_flag=True,
+    is_eager=True,
+)
+
+
+class DispatchingApp:
+    """Special application that dispatches to a Flask application which
+    is imported by name in a background thread.  If an error happens
+    it is recorded and shown as part of the WSGI handling which in case
+    of the Werkzeug debugger means that it shows up in the browser.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, loader, use_eager_loading=None):
+        self.loader = loader
+        self._app = None
+        self._lock = Lock()
+        self._bg_loading_exc_info = None
+
+        if use_eager_loading is None:
+            use_eager_loading = os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") != "true"
+
+        if use_eager_loading:
+            self._load_unlocked()
+        else:
+            self._load_in_background()
+
+    def _load_in_background(self):
+        def _load_app():
+            __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+            with self._lock:
+                try:
+                    self._load_unlocked()
+                except Exception:
+                    self._bg_loading_exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+
+        t = Thread(target=_load_app, args=())
+        t.start()
+
+    def _flush_bg_loading_exception(self):
+        __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+        exc_info = self._bg_loading_exc_info
+        if exc_info is not None:
+            self._bg_loading_exc_info = None
+            raise exc_info
+
+    def _load_unlocked(self):
+        __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+        self._app = rv = self.loader()
+        self._bg_loading_exc_info = None
+        return rv
+
+    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
+        __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+        if self._app is not None:
+            return self._app(environ, start_response)
+        self._flush_bg_loading_exception()
+        with self._lock:
+            if self._app is not None:
+                rv = self._app
+            else:
+                rv = self._load_unlocked()
+            return rv(environ, start_response)
+
+
+class ScriptInfo:
+    """Helper object to deal with Flask applications.  This is usually not
+    necessary to interface with as it's used internally in the dispatching
+    to click.  In future versions of Flask this object will most likely play
+    a bigger role.  Typically it's created automatically by the
+    :class:`FlaskGroup` but you can also manually create it and pass it
+    onwards as click object.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, app_import_path=None, create_app=None, set_debug_flag=True):
+        #: Optionally the import path for the Flask application.
+        self.app_import_path = app_import_path or os.environ.get("FLASK_APP")
+        #: Optionally a function that is passed the script info to create
+        #: the instance of the application.
+        self.create_app = create_app
+        #: A dictionary with arbitrary data that can be associated with
+        #: this script info.
+        self.data = {}
+        self.set_debug_flag = set_debug_flag
+        self._loaded_app = None
+
+    def load_app(self):
+        """Loads the Flask app (if not yet loaded) and returns it.  Calling
+        this multiple times will just result in the already loaded app to
+        be returned.
+        """
+        __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+
+        if self._loaded_app is not None:
+            return self._loaded_app
+
+        if self.create_app is not None:
+            app = call_factory(self, self.create_app)
+        else:
+            if self.app_import_path:
+                path, name = (
+                    re.split(r":(?![\\/])", self.app_import_path, 1) + [None]
+                )[:2]
+                import_name = prepare_import(path)
+                app = locate_app(self, import_name, name)
+            else:
+                for path in ("wsgi.py", "app.py"):
+                    import_name = prepare_import(path)
+                    app = locate_app(self, import_name, None, raise_if_not_found=False)
+
+                    if app:
+                        break
+
+        if not app:
+            raise NoAppException(
+                "Could not locate a Flask application. You did not provide "
+                'the "FLASK_APP" environment variable, and a "wsgi.py" or '
+                '"app.py" module was not found in the current directory.'
+            )
+
+        if self.set_debug_flag:
+            # Update the app's debug flag through the descriptor so that
+            # other values repopulate as well.
+            app.debug = get_debug_flag()
+
+        self._loaded_app = app
+        return app
+
+
+pass_script_info = click.make_pass_decorator(ScriptInfo, ensure=True)
+
+
+def with_appcontext(f):
+    """Wraps a callback so that it's guaranteed to be executed with the
+    script's application context.  If callbacks are registered directly
+    to the ``app.cli`` object then they are wrapped with this function
+    by default unless it's disabled.
+    """
+
+    @click.pass_context
+    def decorator(__ctx, *args, **kwargs):
+        with __ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo).load_app().app_context():
+            return __ctx.invoke(f, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    return update_wrapper(decorator, f)
+
+
+class AppGroup(click.Group):
+    """This works similar to a regular click :class:`~click.Group` but it
+    changes the behavior of the :meth:`command` decorator so that it
+    automatically wraps the functions in :func:`with_appcontext`.
+
+    Not to be confused with :class:`FlaskGroup`.
+    """
+
+    def command(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """This works exactly like the method of the same name on a regular
+        :class:`click.Group` but it wraps callbacks in :func:`with_appcontext`
+        unless it's disabled by passing ``with_appcontext=False``.
+        """
+        wrap_for_ctx = kwargs.pop("with_appcontext", True)
+
+        def decorator(f):
+            if wrap_for_ctx:
+                f = with_appcontext(f)
+            return click.Group.command(self, *args, **kwargs)(f)
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def group(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """This works exactly like the method of the same name on a regular
+        :class:`click.Group` but it defaults the group class to
+        :class:`AppGroup`.
+        """
+        kwargs.setdefault("cls", AppGroup)
+        return click.Group.group(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class FlaskGroup(AppGroup):
+    """Special subclass of the :class:`AppGroup` group that supports
+    loading more commands from the configured Flask app.  Normally a
+    developer does not have to interface with this class but there are
+    some very advanced use cases for which it makes sense to create an
+    instance of this. see :ref:`custom-scripts`.
+
+    :param add_default_commands: if this is True then the default run and
+        shell commands will be added.
+    :param add_version_option: adds the ``--version`` option.
+    :param create_app: an optional callback that is passed the script info and
+        returns the loaded app.
+    :param load_dotenv: Load the nearest :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv`
+        files to set environment variables. Will also change the working
+        directory to the directory containing the first file found.
+    :param set_debug_flag: Set the app's debug flag based on the active
+        environment
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        If installed, python-dotenv will be used to load environment variables
+        from :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv` files.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        add_default_commands=True,
+        create_app=None,
+        add_version_option=True,
+        load_dotenv=True,
+        set_debug_flag=True,
+        **extra,
+    ):
+        params = list(extra.pop("params", None) or ())
+
+        if add_version_option:
+            params.append(version_option)
+
+        AppGroup.__init__(self, params=params, **extra)
+        self.create_app = create_app
+        self.load_dotenv = load_dotenv
+        self.set_debug_flag = set_debug_flag
+
+        if add_default_commands:
+            self.add_command(run_command)
+            self.add_command(shell_command)
+            self.add_command(routes_command)
+
+        self._loaded_plugin_commands = False
+
+    def _load_plugin_commands(self):
+        if self._loaded_plugin_commands:
+            return
+        try:
+            import pkg_resources
+        except ImportError:
+            self._loaded_plugin_commands = True
+            return
+
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points("flask.commands"):
+            self.add_command(ep.load(), ep.name)
+        self._loaded_plugin_commands = True
+
+    def get_command(self, ctx, name):
+        self._load_plugin_commands()
+        # Look up built-in and plugin commands, which should be
+        # available even if the app fails to load.
+        rv = super().get_command(ctx, name)
+
+        if rv is not None:
+            return rv
+
+        info = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo)
+
+        # Look up commands provided by the app, showing an error and
+        # continuing if the app couldn't be loaded.
+        try:
+            return info.load_app().cli.get_command(ctx, name)
+        except NoAppException as e:
+            click.secho(f"Error: {e.format_message()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
+
+    def list_commands(self, ctx):
+        self._load_plugin_commands()
+        # Start with the built-in and plugin commands.
+        rv = set(super().list_commands(ctx))
+        info = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo)
+
+        # Add commands provided by the app, showing an error and
+        # continuing if the app couldn't be loaded.
+        try:
+            rv.update(info.load_app().cli.list_commands(ctx))
+        except NoAppException as e:
+            # When an app couldn't be loaded, show the error message
+            # without the traceback.
+            click.secho(f"Error: {e.format_message()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
+        except Exception:
+            # When any other errors occurred during loading, show the
+            # full traceback.
+            click.secho(f"{traceback.format_exc()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
+
+        return sorted(rv)
+
+    def main(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # Set a global flag that indicates that we were invoked from the
+        # command line interface. This is detected by Flask.run to make the
+        # call into a no-op. This is necessary to avoid ugly errors when the
+        # script that is loaded here also attempts to start a server.
+        os.environ["FLASK_RUN_FROM_CLI"] = "true"
+
+        if get_load_dotenv(self.load_dotenv):
+            load_dotenv()
+
+        obj = kwargs.get("obj")
+
+        if obj is None:
+            obj = ScriptInfo(
+                create_app=self.create_app, set_debug_flag=self.set_debug_flag
+            )
+
+        kwargs["obj"] = obj
+        kwargs.setdefault("auto_envvar_prefix", "FLASK")
+        return super().main(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _path_is_ancestor(path, other):
+    """Take ``other`` and remove the length of ``path`` from it. Then join it
+    to ``path``. If it is the original value, ``path`` is an ancestor of
+    ``other``."""
+    return os.path.join(path, other[len(path) :].lstrip(os.sep)) == other
+
+
+def load_dotenv(path=None):
+    """Load "dotenv" files in order of precedence to set environment variables.
+
+    If an env var is already set it is not overwritten, so earlier files in the
+    list are preferred over later files.
+
+    This is a no-op if `python-dotenv`_ is not installed.
+
+    .. _python-dotenv: https://github.com/theskumar/python-dotenv#readme
+
+    :param path: Load the file at this location instead of searching.
+    :return: ``True`` if a file was loaded.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+        Returns ``False`` when python-dotenv is not installed, or when
+        the given path isn't a file.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        When loading the env files, set the default encoding to UTF-8.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+    """
+    if dotenv is None:
+        if path or os.path.isfile(".env") or os.path.isfile(".flaskenv"):
+            click.secho(
+                " * Tip: There are .env or .flaskenv files present."
+                ' Do "pip install python-dotenv" to use them.',
+                fg="yellow",
+                err=True,
+            )
+
+        return False
+
+    # if the given path specifies the actual file then return True,
+    # else False
+    if path is not None:
+        if os.path.isfile(path):
+            return dotenv.load_dotenv(path, encoding="utf-8")
+
+        return False
+
+    new_dir = None
+
+    for name in (".env", ".flaskenv"):
+        path = dotenv.find_dotenv(name, usecwd=True)
+
+        if not path:
+            continue
+
+        if new_dir is None:
+            new_dir = os.path.dirname(path)
+
+        dotenv.load_dotenv(path, encoding="utf-8")
+
+    return new_dir is not None  # at least one file was located and loaded
+
+
+def show_server_banner(env, debug, app_import_path, eager_loading):
+    """Show extra startup messages the first time the server is run,
+    ignoring the reloader.
+    """
+    if os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") == "true":
+        return
+
+    if app_import_path is not None:
+        message = f" * Serving Flask app {app_import_path!r}"
+
+        if not eager_loading:
+            message += " (lazy loading)"
+
+        click.echo(message)
+
+    click.echo(f" * Environment: {env}")
+
+    if env == "production":
+        click.secho(
+            "   WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in"
+            " a production deployment.",
+            fg="red",
+        )
+        click.secho("   Use a production WSGI server instead.", dim=True)
+
+    if debug is not None:
+        click.echo(f" * Debug mode: {'on' if debug else 'off'}")
+
+
+class CertParamType(click.ParamType):
+    """Click option type for the ``--cert`` option. Allows either an
+    existing file, the string ``'adhoc'``, or an import for a
+    :class:`~ssl.SSLContext` object.
+    """
+
+    name = "path"
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.path_type = click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, resolve_path=True)
+
+    def convert(self, value, param, ctx):
+        if ssl is None:
+            raise click.BadParameter(
+                'Using "--cert" requires Python to be compiled with SSL support.',
+                ctx,
+                param,
+            )
+
+        try:
+            return self.path_type(value, param, ctx)
+        except click.BadParameter:
+            value = click.STRING(value, param, ctx).lower()
+
+            if value == "adhoc":
+                try:
+                    import cryptography  # noqa: F401
+                except ImportError:
+                    raise click.BadParameter(
+                        "Using ad-hoc certificates requires the cryptography library.",
+                        ctx,
+                        param,
+                    )
+
+                return value
+
+            obj = import_string(value, silent=True)
+
+            if isinstance(obj, ssl.SSLContext):
+                return obj
+
+            raise
+
+
+def _validate_key(ctx, param, value):
+    """The ``--key`` option must be specified when ``--cert`` is a file.
+    Modifies the ``cert`` param to be a ``(cert, key)`` pair if needed.
+    """
+    cert = ctx.params.get("cert")
+    is_adhoc = cert == "adhoc"
+    is_context = ssl and isinstance(cert, ssl.SSLContext)
+
+    if value is not None:
+        if is_adhoc:
+            raise click.BadParameter(
+                'When "--cert" is "adhoc", "--key" is not used.', ctx, param
+            )
+
+        if is_context:
+            raise click.BadParameter(
+                'When "--cert" is an SSLContext object, "--key is not used.', ctx, param
+            )
+
+        if not cert:
+            raise click.BadParameter('"--cert" must also be specified.', ctx, param)
+
+        ctx.params["cert"] = cert, value
+
+    else:
+        if cert and not (is_adhoc or is_context):
+            raise click.BadParameter('Required when using "--cert".', ctx, param)
+
+    return value
+
+
+class SeparatedPathType(click.Path):
+    """Click option type that accepts a list of values separated by the
+    OS's path separator (``:``, ``;`` on Windows). Each value is
+    validated as a :class:`click.Path` type.
+    """
+
+    def convert(self, value, param, ctx):
+        items = self.split_envvar_value(value)
+        super_convert = super().convert
+        return [super_convert(item, param, ctx) for item in items]
+
+
+@click.command("run", short_help="Run a development server.")
+@click.option("--host", "-h", default="127.0.0.1", help="The interface to bind to.")
+@click.option("--port", "-p", default=5000, help="The port to bind to.")
+@click.option(
+    "--cert", type=CertParamType(), help="Specify a certificate file to use HTTPS."
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--key",
+    type=click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, resolve_path=True),
+    callback=_validate_key,
+    expose_value=False,
+    help="The key file to use when specifying a certificate.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--reload/--no-reload",
+    default=None,
+    help="Enable or disable the reloader. By default the reloader "
+    "is active if debug is enabled.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--debugger/--no-debugger",
+    default=None,
+    help="Enable or disable the debugger. By default the debugger "
+    "is active if debug is enabled.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--eager-loading/--lazy-loading",
+    default=None,
+    help="Enable or disable eager loading. By default eager "
+    "loading is enabled if the reloader is disabled.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--with-threads/--without-threads",
+    default=True,
+    help="Enable or disable multithreading.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--extra-files",
+    default=None,
+    type=SeparatedPathType(),
+    help=(
+        "Extra files that trigger a reload on change. Multiple paths"
+        f" are separated by {os.path.pathsep!r}."
+    ),
+)
+@pass_script_info
+def run_command(
+    info, host, port, reload, debugger, eager_loading, with_threads, cert, extra_files
+):
+    """Run a local development server.
+
+    This server is for development purposes only. It does not provide
+    the stability, security, or performance of production WSGI servers.
+
+    The reloader and debugger are enabled by default if
+    FLASK_ENV=development or FLASK_DEBUG=1.
+    """
+    debug = get_debug_flag()
+
+    if reload is None:
+        reload = debug
+
+    if debugger is None:
+        debugger = debug
+
+    show_server_banner(get_env(), debug, info.app_import_path, eager_loading)
+    app = DispatchingApp(info.load_app, use_eager_loading=eager_loading)
+
+    from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
+
+    run_simple(
+        host,
+        port,
+        app,
+        use_reloader=reload,
+        use_debugger=debugger,
+        threaded=with_threads,
+        ssl_context=cert,
+        extra_files=extra_files,
+    )
+
+
+@click.command("shell", short_help="Run a shell in the app context.")
+@with_appcontext
+def shell_command() -> None:
+    """Run an interactive Python shell in the context of a given
+    Flask application.  The application will populate the default
+    namespace of this shell according to its configuration.
+
+    This is useful for executing small snippets of management code
+    without having to manually configure the application.
+    """
+    import code
+    from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
+
+    app = _app_ctx_stack.top.app
+    banner = (
+        f"Python {sys.version} on {sys.platform}\n"
+        f"App: {app.import_name} [{app.env}]\n"
+        f"Instance: {app.instance_path}"
+    )
+    ctx: dict = {}
+
+    # Support the regular Python interpreter startup script if someone
+    # is using it.
+    startup = os.environ.get("PYTHONSTARTUP")
+    if startup and os.path.isfile(startup):
+        with open(startup) as f:
+            eval(compile(f.read(), startup, "exec"), ctx)
+
+    ctx.update(app.make_shell_context())
+
+    # Site, customize, or startup script can set a hook to call when
+    # entering interactive mode. The default one sets up readline with
+    # tab and history completion.
+    interactive_hook = getattr(sys, "__interactivehook__", None)
+
+    if interactive_hook is not None:
+        try:
+            import readline
+            from rlcompleter import Completer
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            # rlcompleter uses __main__.__dict__ by default, which is
+            # flask.__main__. Use the shell context instead.
+            readline.set_completer(Completer(ctx).complete)
+
+        interactive_hook()
+
+    code.interact(banner=banner, local=ctx)
+
+
+@click.command("routes", short_help="Show the routes for the app.")
+@click.option(
+    "--sort",
+    "-s",
+    type=click.Choice(("endpoint", "methods", "rule", "match")),
+    default="endpoint",
+    help=(
+        'Method to sort routes by. "match" is the order that Flask will match '
+        "routes when dispatching a request."
+    ),
+)
+@click.option("--all-methods", is_flag=True, help="Show HEAD and OPTIONS methods.")
+@with_appcontext
+def routes_command(sort: str, all_methods: bool) -> None:
+    """Show all registered routes with endpoints and methods."""
+
+    rules = list(current_app.url_map.iter_rules())
+    if not rules:
+        click.echo("No routes were registered.")
+        return
+
+    ignored_methods = set(() if all_methods else ("HEAD", "OPTIONS"))
+
+    if sort in ("endpoint", "rule"):
+        rules = sorted(rules, key=attrgetter(sort))
+    elif sort == "methods":
+        rules = sorted(rules, key=lambda rule: sorted(rule.methods))  # type: ignore
+
+    rule_methods = [
+        ", ".join(sorted(rule.methods - ignored_methods))  # type: ignore
+        for rule in rules
+    ]
+
+    headers = ("Endpoint", "Methods", "Rule")
+    widths = (
+        max(len(rule.endpoint) for rule in rules),
+        max(len(methods) for methods in rule_methods),
+        max(len(rule.rule) for rule in rules),
+    )
+    widths = [max(len(h), w) for h, w in zip(headers, widths)]
+    row = "{{0:<{0}}}  {{1:<{1}}}  {{2:<{2}}}".format(*widths)
+
+    click.echo(row.format(*headers).strip())
+    click.echo(row.format(*("-" * width for width in widths)))
+
+    for rule, methods in zip(rules, rule_methods):
+        click.echo(row.format(rule.endpoint, methods, rule.rule).rstrip())
+
+
+cli = FlaskGroup(
+    help="""\
+A general utility script for Flask applications.
+
+Provides commands from Flask, extensions, and the application. Loads the
+application defined in the FLASK_APP environment variable, or from a wsgi.py
+file. Setting the FLASK_ENV environment variable to 'development' will enable
+debug mode.
+
+\b
+  {prefix}{cmd} FLASK_APP=hello.py
+  {prefix}{cmd} FLASK_ENV=development
+  {prefix}flask run
+""".format(
+        cmd="export" if os.name == "posix" else "set",
+        prefix="$ " if os.name == "posix" else "> ",
+    )
+)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    if int(click.__version__[0]) < 8:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using the `flask` cli with Click 7 is deprecated and"
+            " will not be supported starting with Flask 2.1."
+            " Please upgrade to Click 8 as soon as possible.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+    # TODO omit sys.argv once https://github.com/pallets/click/issues/536 is fixed
+    cli.main(args=sys.argv[1:])
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()